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Beetroot

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Beetroot — what it looks like

About one cup of juice a day is the dose used in most blood-pressure trials.

Red urine after eating beets is harmless and has its own name: beeturia.

The leaves are food too, and they are better eating than the root for minerals.

Beetroot is a dense source of dietary nitrate. Your body turns that nitrate into nitric oxide, and nitric oxide relaxes the lining of the blood vessels so blood moves more easily. That is the whole story behind the blood-pressure and endurance research, and it's unusually well tested for a vegetable. In Iran the root has a second life as labu, sold hot from a steaming pot on winter street corners.

Known to botanists as Beta vulgaris.